Prototype E.28/29 in April 1941 prior to the application of RAF colour scheme.
Gloster E.28/39 W4041/G painted in final RAF colour scheme.
Britain’s first jet aircraft, the experimental Gloster Aircraft Company E.28/39, was designed to provide a platform for the flight testing of the new Whittle jet engines, built at Power Jets Ltd in Rugby. In addition to being a flying test bed for this revolutionary source of power, their was a desperate need to investigate its potential for use in fighter aircraft.
Sometimes referred to as the Gloster Whittle or the Gloster Pioneer, the aircraft was a low-wing monoplane design with tricycle undercarriage. It had a slightly rotund fuselage in order to accommodate the Whittle W.1 engine, with its centrifugal compressor. The engine was installed in the centre fuselage and was provided with a nose intake and a tail jet pipe. Two prototypes were built (W4041/G and W4046/G).
Designed by George Carter, the Gloster E.28/39 was completed under conditions of high secrecy at Regent Motors, Cheltenham in order to avoid the risk of bombing at the main Gloster factory.
The E.28/39 (W4041/G) completed its taxiing trials on 7th & 8th April 1941 at Brockworth (including some initial hops) before being moved by road to RAF Cranwell for flight test. The first flight took place on 15th May 1941, lasting just 17 minutes and with Flt Lt Gerry Sayer at the controls.
Gloster E.28/39 W4041/G take off on trials with tufted wing roots, camera above port wing tip and small fins on tailplane.
Handling was reported as being 'light and responsive' although throttle response was said to be sluggish. The aircraft was subsequently moved to Edgehill (convenient to both Power Jets and Gloster). When Gerry Sayer suddenly disappeared whilst flight testing a Hawker Typhoon on 21st October 1942, his assistant Michael Daunt took over the development program.
After further proving trials, the aircraft was subsequently transferred to Farnborough to allow service pilots to fly and assess the type.
The type was flown with several early jet engines, including the Whittle W.1, W.1A, W.2/500 from Power Jets Ltd and the significantly more powerful Rover W.2B (W4046).
Photograph of the short-lived second Gloster E.28/39 W4046/G taxying.
The first flight of the second aircraft (W4046) took place on 1st March 1943 although this aircraft was later lost due to 'aileron failure' during flight testing from RAE Farnborough on 30th July 1943.
In modern procurement parlance, the Gloster E.28/39 really proved to be a perfect Technology Demonstration Programme and provided a flight envelope that extended to a maximum speed of 466 mph and a maximum altitude of 42,170 ft.
The first prototype (W4041) now resides at The Science Museum in London, whilst there are two full-size replicas, one mounted on a plinth alongside the main entrance to what is now Farnborough Airport on the site of the former Royal Aircraft Establishment and a second on a roundabout at Lutterworth, close to the former home of Power Jets Ltd.
Number built
|
2 aircraft
(W4041 & W4046
|
Experimental prototypes |
Specification
| Powerplant | Several different engines tested: Initially Power Jets W.1, 960 lb thrust, ending with a Rover W.2/500 engine of 1,760 lb thrust |
| Span | 29 ft 0 in |
| Maximum Weight | 3,748 lb (W.1A), 3,900 lb (W.2B) |
| Capacity & Armament | Single pilot, Armament space provisions only |
| Maximum Speed | 338 mph (W.1A), 466 mph at 10,000 ft (W.2B) |
| Endurance | Initial flight test endurance 56 min |
Survivors
| W4041/G | Placed on permanent exhibition in the Science Museum, London in 1946 |
